Chapter 1. Understanding OISTAT
了解OISTAT國際劇場組織
－好像很難懂？其實很有趣
GETTING TO KNOW OISTAT 先從基本的開始──
5個問題，認識OISTAT
Q1. 什麼是OISTAT？
OISTAT這個縮寫來自法文原始名稱Organisation Internationale des Scénographes, Techniciens et Architectes de Théâtre，英譯是International Organisation of Scenographers, Theatre Architects and Technicians。中文簡稱國際劇場組織，全稱則為國際舞台美術家劇場建築師暨劇場技術師組織。
在OISTAT名稱中提到的舞台美術家、劇場建築師和劇場技術師，對應到實際的工作範疇的話，又是哪些人呢？劇場人的身分繁多，為了幫助了解，以下舉出三大類領域中的一些專業工作者職稱：
舞台美術家──舞台設計、燈光設計、服裝設計、音樂設計、音效設計、道具設計、表 演設計、影像設計……。
劇場建築師──設計與建造劇場的建築師、劇場顧問……。
劇場技術師──戲服管理、舞台監督、製作經理、舞台工作人員、燈光師、音響師……。
總的來說，劇場這一行分工細緻，很難完全列舉；而且隨著科技進步，也逐漸創造出更多的設計與技術專門加入劇場人的行列。OISTAT成員除了業界人士外，也包括各領域的教學者和學生。
Q2. OISTAT是怎麼成立的？
冷戰期間，東、西歐劇場設計工作者交流不易。在聯合國教科文組織的推動下，獲得捷克政府支持，一九六八年於捷克布拉格成立OISTAT的前身OISTT，成為此期間歐洲劇場人分享劇場藝術經驗、學習新知的平台。
其後隨著時代變遷，OISTAT逐漸拓展為全球性的專業平台，讓世界劇場的工作者能藉由參與OISTAT的跨國、跨文化活動，達到彼此交流。在交流中，了解並尊重各地區的文化與藝術，將劇場的創意種子與人文關懷灑落到世界各地，共同促進國際劇場界的健全及發展。
OISTAT主辦的常態專案：
�� 國際劇場藝術節（Scenofest）
�� 世界劇場設計展（World Stage Design）
�� 國際劇場建築競賽（Theatre Architecture Competition）
�� 劇場創新發明獎（Technical Invention Prize）
OISTAT的出版品：
書──《世界劇場設計年鑑World Scenography》
《新劇場詞彙New Theatre Words》
電子版──《數位劇場詞彙Digital Theatre Words》
OISTAT KEYWORDS 這些是我們的共通精神──
OISTAT關鍵字
很多剛開始認識OISTAT國際劇場組織的人，搞不清楚OISTAT在做些什麼。的確，OISTAT不只組織名稱的字數長，加上會員涵蓋許多種劇場工作者，舉辦和協助推行的活動又是琳琅滿目，真的很難用一句話描述。或許讓我們換另一種方式，從OISTAT的五種內裡基本精神來理解：
�� SHARING│分享經驗與新知
�� THEATRE─MAKERS│劇場人
�� ENTHUSIASM│熱忱
�� NETWORK│人際網絡
�� KNOWLEDGE│專業知識
OISTAT是由各國劇場人匯聚成立的組織，懷抱強烈的使命感、責任與熱忱，自願投入OISTAT運作核心，利用繁忙工作以外的時間，推行各項有利於劇場界文化交流的專案與活動。劇場人跨越國界參與OISTAT，渴望的是拓展專業人才網絡，認識具有同樣熱忱的劇場工作者，不斷學習新知，獲悉其他會員專精的領域，了解他人所處的文化環境和人文脈絡。
目前OISTAT每年固定舉辦八次年會，包括兩次執行委員會、理事會，以及六個專業委員會各自的年會。基於國際交流的出發點，會議採取﹁主辦與邀請制﹂，由自願擔任主辦人的會員，邀請與會者到自己的國家。舉例來說，近幾年OISTAT的會議舉辦地點，就包括總部所在地的台灣台北、埃及開羅、美國洛杉磯、賽普勒斯尼柯西亞、塞爾維亞貝爾格萊德、南韓首爾、中國上海、英國卡地夫、荷蘭阿姆斯特丹、比利時布魯賽爾與創始地捷克布拉格等。在會議以外，通常會安排當地的劇場藝術或文化參訪行程，促進彼此的認識與交流。
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Chapter 1. Understanding OISTAT
Starting with the Basic Questions ──
GETTING TO KNOW OISTAT
Q1. What is OISTAT?
OISTAT stands for “Organisation Internationale des Scénographes, Techniciens et Architectes de Théâtre” in French, and “International Organisation of Scenographers, Theatre Architects and Technicians” in English. It is a worldwide organization for scenographers, theatre architects, theatre educators and theatre technicians.
OISTAT is a co-operative, non-governmental organization with organizational and individual members in over 50 countries. It promotes the worldwide exchange of ideas and innovations, encourages lifelong learning for live performance practitioners, and fosters international collaboration. OISTAT respects the integrity of all cultures and celebrates the similarities and the differences of those who work in support of live performance.
Q2. When and how was OISTAT founded?
OISTAT was founded in Prague in 1968. The original purpose of the organization was to provide opportunities for professional exchange and personal contact between theatre artists, technicians, and architects in the East and West. The organization provided opportunities for its members to work outside existing political systems and in spite of stringent travel restrictions.
With the collapse of the Iron Curtain and the growth of a more informed world, OISTAT became a global platform for theatre professionals. Through its cross-national, cross-cultural programs, theatre professionals exchange ideas and in turn gain a deeper understanding and respect for the cultures and arts of different regions.
Main OISTAT projects:
Scenofest, World Stage Design, Theatre Architecture Competition and Technical Invention Prize.
Main OISTAT publications:
World Scenography, New Theatre Words and Digital Theatre Words.
The Common Principles of OISTAT──
OISTAT KEYWORDS
People who are new to OISTAT are often confused about the exact function of the organization. Indeed, not only is the official title of the organization extremely long, but OISTAT members include theatre professionals from many different areas, and the programs cover a wide range of theatre art. The work OISTAT does cannot be summarized in a few sentences, but we can start by talking about the five keywords that OISTAT actually operates by:
�� Sharing
�� Enthusiasm
�� Knowledge
�� Theatre-makers
�� Network
OISTAT was founded by theatre-makers of various nationalities. With a strong sense of mission toward art and their enthusiasm, they are at the heart of OISTAT’s operation. Working as volunteers, they take time from their busy professional lives to carry out projects and activities that facilitate cultural exchange in the theatre. These enthusiastic theatre professionals trek the world to participate in OISTAT’s events and form a network of like-minded theatre professionals to acquire new knowledge. At the same time, through such exchanges, they also become familiar with each others’ areas of expertise and gain further understanding of their environment and the cultural context under which they work.
OISTAT holds eight meetings each year, including two Executive Committee/Governing Board meetings and six annual meetings convened independently by each of the six commissions. The meetings are facilitated by volunteer members who organize events and invite participants to their home countries. During these meetings and events, OISTAT members gain a deeper understanding of local theatre scenes and cultural activities, while local participants are presented with opportunities to engage with global theatre professionals.
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